Free energy, which is available for work, is expressed as what symbol?

The symbol that represents free energy, which is available for work, is ΔG. In thermodynamics, ΔG stands for Gibbs free energy. This concept is crucial because it helps determine whether a process can occur spontaneously at constant temperature and pressure. When ΔG is negative, the reaction is spontaneous, meaning it can occur without the input of additional energy. Conversely, when ΔG is positive, the reaction is non-spontaneous and requires energy input to proceed.

Understanding ΔG is essential in biochemistry as it applies to metabolic pathways, enzymatic reactions, and overall cellular function. It encompasses the system's enthalpic and entropic contributions, making it a valuable tool for predicting the direction and feasibility of reactions in biological systems.