Which of the following types of homologs is found within the same species?

Paralogs are genes that arise from a duplication event within the same species, leading to multiple copies of a gene in the organism's genome. These copies, or paralogs, may evolve new functions or retain similar functions over time. This concept is key in understanding gene evolution and functional diversification within a species.

In contrast, orthologs are genes found in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene and typically retain the same function across those species. Analogous structures or genes, meanwhile, arise independently in different species, often as a result of convergent evolution, and do not share a common ancestry. The term homologous can refer broadly to similar structures or sequences that share a common ancestor but does not specify the relationship regarding species or evolutionary history.

Thus, the presence of paralogs specifically points to the occurrence of duplicated genes within the same species, making this the correct answer.